Effects of Filtering and Current-angle Adjustment on the Multi-Material Topology Optimization of a 3-phase Stator

This paper investigates MMTO methods to design 3-phase PMSM stators, showing that a usual gradient descent leads to non-manufacturable local optima. A multi-material density filtering consistent with the antiperiodic boundary conditions smooths the structure and promotes a broader exploration of solutions. A current angle adjustment accelerates the optimization, and the combination of both techniques quickly converges to a symmetric design with a higher torque than the asymmetric structures obtained by other methods applied independently.