Détection de données aberrantes appliquée à la localisation GPS

In this work, we focus on the problem of detection of erroneous GPS measurements. Indeed, in urban areas, acquisitions are highly degraded by multipath phenomena or signal multiple reflections before reaching the receiver antenna. In forest areas, the satellite occlusion reduces the measurements redundancy. While the algorithms embedded in GPS receivers detect at most one erroneous measurement per epoch, the hypothesis of a single error at a time is no longer realistic when we combine data from different navigation systems. The detection and management of erroneous data (faulty, aberrant or outliers depending on the different terminologies) has become a major issue in the autonomous navigation applications and robust localization and raises a new technological challenge.The main contribution of this work is an outlier detection algorithm for GNSS localization with an a contrario modeling. Two criteria based on number of false alarms (NFA) are used to measure the consistency of a set of measurements under the noise model assumption.Our second contribution is the introduction of Doppler measurements in the localization process. We extend the outlier detection to both pseudo-ranges and Doppler measurements, and we propose a coupling with either the particle filter SIR or the Rao-Blackwellized particle filter that allows us to estimate analytically the velocity.Our third contribution is an evidential approach for the detection of outliers in the pseudo-ranges. Inspired by the RANSAC, we choose among possible combinations of observations, the most compatible one according to a measure of consistency or inconsistency. An evidential filtering step is performed that takes into account the previous solution. The proposed approaches achieve better performance than standard methods and demonstrate the interest of removing the outliers from the localization process.